Gulu Novruzov was born on March 7, 1970, in Nehram, Nakhchivan. He studied International Law and International Relations at Baku State University (BSU) and has worked there since 1997. He has served in various roles at the Ministry of Education, including as Deputy Minister and head of the "International Relations" department.

He participated as an education expert in intergovernmental cooperation commissions with various countries and the EU, and represented Azerbaijan in the Council of Europe’s Committee of Experts on Education. He completed training programs in France, the USA, and Japan.

In 2010, he earned a PhD in Law and has published over 30 scientific articles. He was the director of the Institute of Educational Problems from 2013 to 2016 and has served as the director of the Azerbaijan State Pedagogical College since 2016. In 2018, he was appointed head of the Academy of the State Customs Committee. He received the "Progress" medal from the President of Azerbaijan in January 2024.